Ammonia-Based Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology for Industrial Boiler SO2 Removal

Overview

Ammonia-based flue gas desulfurization technology uses liquid ammonia or aqueous ammonia to remove sulfur dioxide (SO₂) from flue gas. The process simultaneously produces high-quality ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄) as a valuable byproduct. This technology is particularly well-suited for large coal-fired power plants and chemical facilities burning inexpensive high-sulfur fuels. While using ammonia that may otherwise be waste, the process generates high-grade, high-purity ammonium sulfate. This approach is increasingly becoming the mainstream technology for cyclic economy comprehensive utilization in large-scale flue gas desulfurization projects.

Process Characteristics

• Mature Technology: Demonstrated on flue gas volumes from 500 MW class units.
• Scale Resistance: The absorber tower does not suffer from scale formation.
• Wide Fuel Sulfur Adaptability: Suitable for high-sulfur coal, high-sulfur heavy oil, and high-sulfur petroleum coke. No secondary pollution.
• Valuable Byproduct: Ammonium sulfate has wide application as fertilizer.
• Low Ammonia Slip: NH₃ slip is less than or equal to 10 ppm.
• High Removal Efficiency: Easily achieves high SO₂ removal efficiency, typically greater than 95 percent.
• Simple System Design: Fewer process steps compared to some other technologies.
• Compact Equipment: Smaller equipment footprint than some alternatives.
• High Absorbent Utilization: Efficient use of ammonia reagent.
• Waste-to-Value: Sale of the ammonium sulfate byproduct provides good economic returns.

Application Range

The ammonia-based FGD process is suitable for the following applications:

• Medium to large new or retrofit units, typically 50 MW and larger
• Coal gasification plants requiring sulfur removal from synthesis gas
• Fuel sulfur content of 0.5 to 5 percent or higher
• Petroleum refining process streams requiring sulfur removal
• Required SO₂ removal efficiency of 95 percent or greater
• Locations near fertilizer plants that produce synthetic ammonia (providing a stable ammonia supply and ammonium sulfate off-take)
• Power plants in saline or alkali soil regions where ammonium sulfate fertilizer is particularly valuable

HNT Series Integrated Dust and SO2 Removal Equipment for Boilers

HNT Series Integrated Dust and SO2 Removal Equipment for Boilers Product Details HNT Series Integrated Dust and SO2 Removal Equipment for Boilers Overview The HNT series integrated dust and SO2 removal equipment is designed for coal-fired boilers and industrial kilns. It serves both small industrial systems and large power plant applications. When no harmful gas…

Limestone/Lime-Gypsum Flue Gas Desulfurization Process for Coal Boiler SO2 Removal

Limestone/Lime-Gypsum Flue Gas Desulfurization Process for Coal Boiler SO2 Removal Product Details Limestone/Lime-Gypsum Flue Gas Desulfurization Process for Coal Boiler SO2 Removal Technology Principle Flue gas enters the wet scrubber tower of the flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system. Inside the tower, the flue gas flows upward while alkaline limestone slurry is sprayed downward in fine…

Magnesium-Based Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology for Industrial Boiler SO2 Removal

Magnesium-Based Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology for Industrial Boiler SO2 Removal Product Details Magnesium-Based Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology for Industrial Boiler SO2 Removal Overview The desulfurization mechanism of magnesium oxide is similar to that of calcium oxide. Both are alkaline oxides that react with water to form hydroxides. The hydroxide then undergoes an acid-base neutralization reaction…

Dry Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology for Industrial Boiler SO2 Control

Dry Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology for Industrial Boiler SO2 Control Product Details Dry Flue Gas Desulfurization Technology for Industrial Boiler SO2 Control Overview Reflux Circulating Fluidized Bed Flue Gas Desulfurization (RCFB-FGD) is an advanced dry flue gas desulfurization process based on circulating fluidized bed technology. The process uses dry hydrated lime powder Ca(OH)₂ as the…

Dual Alkali Flue Gas Desulfurization for Industrial Boiler SO2 Removal

Dual Alkali Flue Gas Desulfurization for Industrial Boiler SO2 Removal Product Details Dual Alkali Flue Gas Desulfurization for Industrial Boiler SO2 Removal Technology Principle The calcium-sodium dual alkali process first uses a sodium-based alkaline absorbent solution for flue gas desulfurization. The sodium-based absorbent, typically sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), reacts with sulfur dioxide…